Frequency-Domain Analysis of a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Control System Equipped with a Power System Stabilizer Using the Backtracking Search Algorithm
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Abstract
The SMIB model with a PSS optimized through the BSA is employed in this research to investigate the improvement of electrical power system stability. The performance of both open-loop and closed-loop systems is evaluated through frequency domain analysis. System stability and control efficacy are evaluated through key metrics such as gain and phase margins, resonance peaks, and robustness parameters. Simulation outcomes reveal marked enhancements in the optimized configuration. In particular, the phase margin is negative, suggesting instability, and the open-loop gain margin is infinite in the absence of PSS. The introduction of the BSA-optimized PSS leads to a gain margin of 27.96 dB and an infinite phase margin, which satisfy the design specifications. The closed-loop bandwidth surpasses 7.11 rad/s, with the resonance peak maintained between 1.0 and 1.5, allowing for prompt transient response and robust performance. This study underscores BSA's effectiveness in fine-tuning PSS parameters, yielding enhanced system stability and attenuation of low-frequency oscillations. These results contribute to the development of advanced robust control methodologies in power systems.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Laksono, H., & Salim, S. (2025). Frequency-Domain Analysis of a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Control System Equipped with a Power System Stabilizer Using the Backtracking Search Algorithm. JTEIN: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesia, 6(2), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.24036/jtein.v6i2.764
References
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[12] Y. Song, D. J. Hill, and T. Liu, “Network-based analysis of rotor angle stability of power systems,” Foundations and Trends in Electric Energy Systems, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 222–345, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1561/3100000011.
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[17] Z. Sun, Y. Cao, Z. Wen, Y. Song, and Z. Sun, “A Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm based fuzzy logic power system stabilizer for single machine infinite bus system,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, pp. 847–853, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.04.365.
[18] K. M. Din, F. Daqaq, and R. Ellaia, “Backtracking Search Algorithm with Lemur Optimizer for Numerical and Global Optimization,” in 2024 10th International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA), 2024, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICOA62581.2024.10754131.
[19] M. Arab and W. Fadel, “Optimal Reactive Power Flow of AC-DC Power System with Shunt Capacitors Using Backtracking Search Algorithm,” Energies (Basel), vol. 17, no. 3, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17030749.
[20] Y. L. Ekinci, Ç. Balkaya, and G. Göktürkler, “Backtracking Search Optimization: A Novel Global Optimization Algorithm for the Inversion of Gravity Anomalies,” Pure Appl Geophys, vol. 178, no. 11, pp. 4507–4527, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00024-021-02855-3.
[21] M. A. Z. Raja et al., “Evolutionary backtracking search optimization for the dynamics of nonlinear benchmark physical systems,” Waves in Random and Complex Media, pp. 1–26, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1080/17455030.2023.2226249.
[2] G. Gonzalez-Avalos, G. Ayala-Jaimes, N. B. Gallegos, and A. P. Garcia, “Modeling and Simulation of an Integrated Synchronous Generator Connected to an Infinite Bus through a Transmission Line in Bond Graph,” Symmetry (Basel), vol. 16, no. 10, p. 1335, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.3390/sym16101335.
[3] G. Gonzalez-Avalos and G. Ayala-Jaimes, “Modelling and Simulation of a Synchronous Generator Connected to Infinite Bus in a Bond Graph Approach,” in 2024 28th International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR), 2024, pp. 346–351. doi: 10.1109/MMAR62187.2024.10680814.
[4] Y. K. Kirange and P. Nema, “Innovative Approach to Enhance Stability: Neural Network Control and Aquila Optimization Integration in Single Machine Infinite Bus Systems,” Advances in Technology Innovation, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 99–115, 2024, doi: 10.46604/aiti.2024.13360.
[5] M. Ruswandi Djalal et al., “Analisis Pemasangan Power System Stabilizer Pada Single Machine Infinite Bus Untuk Kondisi Variasi Beban,” 2022.
[6] H. Q. Nguyen, D. N. Nguyen, and L. Q. Vinh, “Design of power system stabilizers based on the model of single machine infinite bus power system,” Journal of Science and Technology - HaUI, vol. 60, no. 5, May 2024, doi: 10.57001/huih5804.2024.155.
[7] V. Q. Vinh, D. N. Nguyen, H. Q. Nguyen, and V. T. Ha, “Using the Single Machine Infinite Bus Power System Model to Design Power System Stabilizers,” in 2023 Asia Meeting on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEE-AM), 2023, pp. 1–5. doi: 10.1109/EEE-AM58328.2023.10395334.
[8] M. A. Prakasa and I. Robandi, “Power System Stabilizer Tuning Improvement for Single-Machine Infinite Bus using Equilibrium Optimizer Algorithm,” in 2022 International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Applications (ISITIA), 2022, pp. 320–325. doi: 10.1109/ISITIA56226.2022.9855203.
[9] Y. Zhu et al., “Configuration method of PSS lead-lag compensator parameters,” in E3S Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Jan. 2021. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202123301059.
[10] H. Wang, H. Wang, P. Xin, and Z. Song, “Frequency Domain Stability Analysis and Simulation of New Energy Power Generation Systems,” in 2024 9th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE), 2024, pp. 933–937. doi: 10.1109/ACPEE60788.2024.10532689.
[11] C. R. Shah, M. Molinas, S. Føyen, S. D’Arco, R. Nilsen, and M. Amin, “Single Coordinate Bode Plots for Stability Evaluation of MIMO Power Electronics Systems via a Frequency Coupling Corrective Factor,” Nov. 21, 2024. doi: 10.36227/techrxiv.173220610.07636645/v1.
[12] Y. Song, D. J. Hill, and T. Liu, “Network-based analysis of rotor angle stability of power systems,” Foundations and Trends in Electric Energy Systems, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 222–345, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1561/3100000011.
[13] A. A. Sallam and O. P. Malik, Power System Stability: Modelling, Analysis and Control. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. doi: 10.1049/PBPO076E.
[14] N. Vieyra, E. Rodríguez-Monzón, P. Maya-Ortiz, and C. Angeles-Camacho, “An Output-Feedback Controller For a Single Machine Infinite Bus Power System,” 2023.
[15] S. Salhi, A. Necira, A. Salhi, D. Benkhetta, and D. Naimi, “Optimal control design for power system stabilizer using a novel crow search algorithm dynamic approach,” STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES, vol. 5, no. 2, p. e9782, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.54021/seesv5n2-397.
[16] S. Paul, S. Sultana, P. K. Roy, P. K. Burnwal, D. Sengupta, and N. Dey, “Optimal Tuning of Single Input Power System Stabilizer Using Chaotic Quasi-Oppositional Differential Search Algorithm,” in Control Applications in Modern Power Systems, S. Kumar, M. Tripathy, and P. Jena, Eds., Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024, pp. 133–147.
[17] Z. Sun, Y. Cao, Z. Wen, Y. Song, and Z. Sun, “A Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm based fuzzy logic power system stabilizer for single machine infinite bus system,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, pp. 847–853, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.04.365.
[18] K. M. Din, F. Daqaq, and R. Ellaia, “Backtracking Search Algorithm with Lemur Optimizer for Numerical and Global Optimization,” in 2024 10th International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA), 2024, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICOA62581.2024.10754131.
[19] M. Arab and W. Fadel, “Optimal Reactive Power Flow of AC-DC Power System with Shunt Capacitors Using Backtracking Search Algorithm,” Energies (Basel), vol. 17, no. 3, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17030749.
[20] Y. L. Ekinci, Ç. Balkaya, and G. Göktürkler, “Backtracking Search Optimization: A Novel Global Optimization Algorithm for the Inversion of Gravity Anomalies,” Pure Appl Geophys, vol. 178, no. 11, pp. 4507–4527, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00024-021-02855-3.
[21] M. A. Z. Raja et al., “Evolutionary backtracking search optimization for the dynamics of nonlinear benchmark physical systems,” Waves in Random and Complex Media, pp. 1–26, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1080/17455030.2023.2226249.